Vaporizing-type oil burner having fuel and air preheating means



June 26, 1951 P. SWARTZENTRUBER 2,553,016

. VAPORIZING-TYPE OIL BURNER HAVING FUEL AND AIR PREHEATING MEANS Filed Sept. 17, 194'. 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 I as *i I Fig.2. 78 80 90 Fig. 3

Inventor Peter .Swarrzenrruber June 26, 1951 P. SWARTZENTRUBER 2,553,016

VAPORIZING-TYPE OIL BURNER HAVING FUEL AND AIR PREHEATING MEANS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 17, 194'? /6 Peter .Swar/zen/ruber June 26, 1951 P. SWARTZENTRUBER 2,558,016

VAPORIZING-TYPE OIL BURNER HAVING FUEL AND AIR PREHEATING MEANS J5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Sept. 17, 194'? Inventor Pele! Swar/zenfruber Patented June 26, 1951 VAPORIZING-TYPE OIL BURNER HAVING FUEL N A R P EATING MEA S Peter Swartzentruber, Westmoreland, N. Y.

Application September 17, 1947, Serial No. 774,583 g 4 Claims- 1 This invention relates to new and useful improyegnents in oil burners and the primary object of the present invention is to provide a burner casing insertable in the combustion chamber of a furnace, including novel and improved means for preheating the circulation of air controlled said casing before mixing the same with oil fumes which are also preheated therein.

Another important object of the present invention is to provide an oil burner so designed as to produce a relatively small flame but having sufficient heat quality to efiiciently produce equal 01' I JQIe amounts .of heat than are produced by conventional oil burners now in use.

Another Object of the present invention is to provide an oil burner includin an air and fuel pr heate mixin ch mbe and an outlet p s e leading from said chamber, so that although large amounts of heat are developed in the chamber, there is no compression due to the outlet passage so that the same will not explode to cause harmful efieo'ts on the burner or the furnace in which the same is inserted.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an oil burner including novel and improved means for controlling the quantity of air and fuel which is conducted to the preheat mixing chamber.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a burner casing, all parts of which are quickly and readily disassembled for repair or cleaning of parts, or for convenient shipping or storing of the same.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an oil burner that is quickly and readily insertable into the fuel opening of a furnace, without in any way having to disturb the structure there present.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a safe and efiicient portable oil burner, including an adjustable supporting pedestal, whereby the same may be used in conjunction with furnaces having various height fuel doors.

A further object of the present invention is to provide an oil burner using very little air in comparison with oil burners now in use, and including means for preheating the air in a fuel before mixing the same, and means for circulating the mixture of air and fuel at a high rate of.

speed in order to substitute speed of flow for com.- res ion, and since ther is no comp e si n in the burner casing, provide heat in place of pow r,

est l furthe aim f the r sen nvent o is to provide o burne t at s simple and r ctical in construction, strong and reliable in' use, neat and attractive in appearance, relatively inexpensive to manufacture, and otherwise well adapted for the purposes for which the same is in ended.

Other objects and advantages reside in the details of construction and operation as more fully hereinafter de cribed and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming part hereof, wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout, and in which:

Figure 1 is a top plan view of an oil burner constructed in accordance with the present inv n ion;

Figure 2 is a side elevational view of Figure 1, and with parts of the air blower broken away and shown in section;

Figure 3 is an end View of the burner casing;

Fi ure 4 is an enlarged longitudinal vertical sectional View of the burner casing, taken sub.- stantially 0n the plane of section line 4-4 of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is an enlarged longitudinal horizontal sectional view taken substantially on the plane of broken section line 5-5 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is an enlarged transverse vertical sectional View taken sub tantially on the plane of broken section line 65 of Figure 4; and

Figure '7 is an enlarged transverse vertical sectional view taken substantially on the plane of section line l'? of Figure l.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, wherein, for the purpose of illustration, there is disclosed the preferred embodiment of the presentinvention, the numeral it represents a, substantially semi-cylindrical burner casing having a bottom wall it, and a. straight, substantially rectangular rear wall i i. The wall M has its ends projecting outwardly to form flanges l6,-

and its upper edge projects upwardly to form a flange l8.

Angular bearing blofiks 26 are integrally formed with the bottom wall 52 and support the bottom wall 212 of a substantially semi-cylindrical mixing chamber shell 35. The upper edge of this mixing-chamber shell is spaced inwardly from theupper edge or the burner casing, and the side walls and bottom wall of the mixing chamber shell are spaced relative to the side walls and bottom wall of the burner casing, to provide a pre e pas age or amb r 26 A semi-annular shoulder 25 is provided on the inner face of the mixing chamber shell 24 adjacent its upper edge, and supports the flanged portion 3!) about the lower edge of a substantially semi-cylindrical, upwardly flared lower grille 32. A notch 34 is provided in the semi-circular upper edge of the air grille 32, so that the same will frictionally engage and bear upon the upper semi-circular edge of the burner casing Hi.

There is a space 35 or a continuation of the chamber 25 between the upper portion of the mixing chamber shell 24 and the lower air grille 32, and a plurality of all ports 38 provided in the air grille 32 and its flanged portion 38 communicate with the preheat chamber 26 and the mixing chamber 49 provided in the mixing chamber shell 24.

Insertable in the lower air grille 32 is the lower portion of a substantially semi-circular outward- 1y flared upper grille 42, having a semi-circular bottom wall 44. Air ports 46 are provided in this upper grille 42 and its bottom wall 44, and these ports 46 communicate with an air supply chamber 48 provided in the upper air grille and with the mixing chamber 4!).

. A semi-circular cover 58 has a semi-annular rib 52 which engages an arcuate notch 54 provided in the upper portion of the upper grille 42, and the outer edge of this cover 50 is recessed in the upper portion of the upper grille adjacent notch 54; The straight rear flanged portion or wall 55 of the cover bears upon the rear wall of the burner casing l9. Hand grips 58 are carried by the other face of the cover 58 facilitating convenient removal of the cover from the casing and the upper grille. Removably secured to the rear wall 14 and flanges l and is of the rear wall 54 are the annular flanges 6d at one of the terminals of a pair of spaced parallel tubular conduits 62.

It should be noted that a plurality of frustoconicallugs B4 are provided on the bottom wall of the shell 2d and these lugs function as heat retainers to retain the bottom wall of the shell 24 heated at all times when the instant burner is in use.

Rigidly secured to the lower periphery of the conduit 62 is a cross member 65 that is secured at its central portion to a supporting post 68 adjustably mounted in a pedestal or stand I'll.

The numeral 72 represents an electrical blower motor generally, comprising an outlet box and a pair of spaced parallel side conduits which are removably secured to the conduits 6B. Screened air intake openings '58 are provided in 'the sides of the conduits it and are regulated by pivotal closure plates 88.

The numeral 82 represents a conventional float valve housing generally, comprising a transformer M, an oil chamber 85 and an oil level mark 88. This float valve is supported relative to the casing is and outwardly from the blower 12 by a bracing and supporting member 99, one terminal of which is rigidly secured to the valve housing 82 and the opposite terminal of which is connected to cross member 65.

In practical use of the device, a fuel line 92 leads from the oil chamber 85 to the mixing chamber 4! and the burner head is inserted into the fire pit of a'furnace (not shown). The flow of the fuel in the line 92 is controlled by conventional needle valves (not shown) in the float casing. It should be noted that, as indicated at numeral 94, a plurality of lines lead from the float valve. Two of these lines are connected to the main line; a second pair of wires lead from the float valve to a thermostat (not shown); two further wires lead from the safety valve to the motor switch (not shown}; and a still further pair of wires lead 4 from the safety valve to a pressure gauge which is conveniently mounted on the furnace (not shown).

The operation of the device is as follows: Air enters chambers 48 and 26 from the blower and the air is forced to circulate through these chambers and contacts the cast iron material of which the upper grille, lower grille, and mixing shell are constructed; these elements, namely, the upper grille, lower grille and mixing chamber shell are intentionally hot at all times and as the circulated air contacts the same, the air will be preheated, and since the burner is of a continuous flow type, these casings never cool down; the preheated air is forced through the ports in both the upper and lower air grilles and enters the mixing chamber 45 oil enters by gravity into the mixing chamber, and as it enters it spreads out very thinly over the bottom wall of the mixing chamber shell, and as the shell is very hot, the lugs on the bottom wall of the shell near the heat of the burner partake of the heat and aid in retaining the bottom wall of the shell intensely heated at all times; the oil will turn to a vapor and fumes due to the heat in the mixing chamber, the heated air and oil fumes mix and escape through an outlet passage 95 between the upper and lower grilles to produce the desired heat. These pre heated fumes of oil, gases and oxygen travel at a rapid speed and will burst into a flame at the entrance of the outlet passage with the mixing chamber, and since there is no compression in the burner, the energy produced will be heat rather than power, so that a maximum efiiciency can be obtained by controlling the mixture of air and fuel within the mixing chamber.

Having described the invention, what claimed as new is:

1. An oil burner comprising a burner casing in cluding a bottom wall, a straight rear wall and an arcuate wall joining the rear wall of said casing at its ends, upstanding support lugs integrally formed with the bottom wall of said casing, a mixing chamber shell supported on said lugs, the walls of said shell being spaced laterally from the Walls of said casing to provide an air passage, an arcuate shoulder provided on the inner surface of said shell, an arcuate outwardly and upwardly flared first air grille having upper and lower end portions, a flange at the lower end portion of said first air grille supported on shoulder, a notch provided in the upper end portion of said first air grille receiving the the upper edge of the arcuate wall for said casing, said first air grille and said flange being provided with apertures, a second arcuate, upwardly and outwardly flared air grille having an apertured, semi-circular bottom wall spaced above the bottom wall of said shell, said semi-circular bottom wall including a diametrical edge abutting the straight wall of said casing, the upper end of said second grille being supported upon the straight wall of said casing and extending above the casing, said second grille being spaced inwardly horizontally, from said first grille to provide an outlet passage therebetween, a cover supported on the upper end of said second air grille and including a depending relatively straight flanged portion supported on the rear wall of said casing, said second air grille having a plurality of apertures therein, a fuel supply conduit extending through the rear wall of said casing and the rear wall of said shell for supplying fuel to said shell, said rear wall of said casing having openings adjacent each end thereof, a pair of air supplying conduits carried by the rear wall of said casing and communicating with openings in said rear wall, means for directing air through said conduits, and means for introducing a regulated supply of fuel through said fuel supply conduit.

2. An oil burner comprising a burner casing having a bottom wall, a straight rear wall and an arcuate wall joining the rear wall of said casing at its ends, a shell positioned loosely within said casing and spaced from the walls of said casing to provide a preheating space between the walls of said casing and the walls of said shell, means rising from the bottom wall of said casing supporting the shell, a shoulder on the inner surface of said shell, an arcuate outwardly and upwardly flared first air grille having an upper portion and a perforated lower portion, the lower portion of said first air grille being received in said shell and supported upon said shoulder, the arcuate wall of said casing having an upper edge supporting the upper portion of said first air grille, said flared portion of said first air grille having a plurality of openings therein, a second arcuate, upwardly and outwardly flared perforated air grille having an apertured semi-circular bottom wall spaced above the bottom wall of said shell, said semi-circular bottom wall including an edge abutting the straight wall of said casing, said second air grille having an upper portion extending above the casing, said second air grille being 7 spaced inwardly, horizontally, from said first grille to provide an outlet passage therebetween, a cover supported on the upper end of said second air grille and including a depending flanged portion supported on the rear wall of said casing, said cover being spaced above the rear wall of said casing, means for supplying fuel to said shell, and means for admitting a supply of air through the preheating space to the shell.

3. A liquid fuel burner comprising a burner casing having a bottom wall, a rear relatively straight wall and an arcuate wall joining the rear wall of said casing at its ends, a mixing chamber shell having a bottom wall, a relatively straight rear wall and an arcuate wall joining the rear wall of said shell at its ends, said shell being received within said casing and having its walls spaced inwardly of the walls of said casing to define a preheating space between said casing and said shell, blocks risin from the bottom wall of said casing supporting said shell above the bottom wall of said casing, a first arcuate air grille having ends resting against the rear wall of said shell, said first air grille being concavooonvexed and including an upper portion and a perforated lower portion, a shoulder on the convexed surface of said shell supporting the lower portion of said first air grille, the upper portion of said first air grille extending over and being spaced from the arcuate wall of said shell, the upper portion of said first air grille being sup-- ported on the arcuate wall of said casing, a second arcuate perforated air grille having a concavoconvexed wall and a bottom wall, the bottom wall of said second air grille bearing against the rear wall of said shell, said second air grille having upper and lower portions, the lower portion of said second air grille being received within the lower portion of said first air grille, the concaved surface of said second air grille being spaced from the convexed surface of said first air grille to provide an outlet, a cover supported by said second air grille and having a depending flanged portion resting upon the rear wall of said casing, said cover being spaced above the rear wall of said casing, means for supplying fuel to said shell, and means for supplying air through the preheating space to the shell.

4. The combination of claim 3 and heat conducting lugs integrally formed with and rising from the bottom wall of said shell, said lugs being spaced from the bottom wall of said second air grille and also spaced from the lower portion of said first air grille.

PETER. SWARTZENTRUBER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS De Lancey Apr. 17, 1945 

